Effect of Duxseal on Horizontal Stress and Soil Stiffness in Small-Amplitude Dynamic Centrifuge Models

The constitutive behavior of soil is stress dependent. Therefore, geotechnical centrifuges are widely used to replicate full-scale fields, thereby ensuring the correct response within reduced-scale centrifuge models. A vibration-absorbing material (such as Duxseal) commonly employed reduce effect reflected waves generated at boundaries rigid containers in dynamic tests. However, such a has potential deform laterally under high horizontal stresses applied tests and consequently initial at-rest lateral earth pressure condition will not be maintained. procedure back-calculate coefficient (K) presented this paper. In addition, two experimental methods that implemented evaluate K by measuring shear wave velocity from centrifuge-based air hammer testing triaxial-based bender element described. Results demonstrate significant stiffness reductions observed upper region (top third model depth). appropriate manipulation cross-correlation method process signals discussed an empirical equation predict small-strain modulus dry silica sand (HST95 Congleton sand) study provided. Outcomes directly applicable small-amplitude ground-borne vibrations; some factors relating large-amplitude seismic studies, inertial effects higher strains, considered.